As summer drags on the heat can become a serious problem for
many horses. The primary way in which
horses cool themselves is through sweating.
While the exact mechanisms for inducing sweat production in horses are
not yet fully understood, some experts believe that prolonged, consistently
high sweat rates can lead to a kind of “exhaustion” of the sweat glands in
horses which may result in anhidrosis (the inability to produce sweat
adequately). Recommendations to help address
anhidrosis center on finding ways to keep horses cooler, decreasing the need
for sweat production. Here are a few
ideas you may want to try to keep your horses cooler this summer.
1. Feeding management. At rest, body heat is
produced primarily by microbes in the hindgut digesting the forage a horse eats. Try providing the bulk of the horses’ daily
ration overnight. Ration out smaller
quantities of hay during the day and give them the largest portion for
overnight consumption. Feed concentrates later in the evening and early in the
morning as well.
2. Reduce stress/postpone procedures. In
order to avoid additional movement, excitement and/or stress, postpone events
such as vaccination, deworming, weaning, changing barns, moving horses between
groups etc. If any of these events need
to occur during the hottest days of summer, try to get them accomplished during
the coolest hours of the day.
3. Provide shade. This one is just common
sense as we can all appreciate how much cooler it is under the shade tree in
the middle of summer versus being out in the full sun. Your horse feels the same way. If you don’t have trees in your turnout areas,
providing a run in shed or even a fabric sunscreen (see photo) can really make
a big difference in helping to keep your horses cool.
4. Sprinklers/baths and fans. Because horses
cool themselves primarily through evaporative and convective cooling, applying
cool baths or using sprinklers in pastures/dry lots may help keep your horses
more comfortable and decrease their need to sweat as much. Moving air increases both convective and
evaporative cooling so if the breeze isn’t blowing provide a fan to move the
air. (I have even seen some farms use
large golf course fans to keep their horses cool in pastures.)
5. Evening or morning exercise. Metabolic
heat from muscle is a primary heat source in exercising horses therefore it is
best to try to confine strenuous exercise to the later evening or early morning
hours when the ambient temperature and humidity are the lowest in your area. Or alternatively, you can give yourself and
your horse a break from training during the hottest summer months.
6. Water intake. Adequate water intake is
critical during hot weather. Most horses
will readily drink plenty of water however water quality can severely limit
intake. It is best to provide fresh
cool/cold water on a daily basis (most horses don’t like to drink hot water). Keeping water troughs and buckets clean and
free of algae will also encourage drinking.
Care should be taken with troughs or buckets that are dark in color as
they will absorb heat quickly if placed in the direct sunlight and will quickly
heat up water which may be unpalatable.
It can also be harder to see accumulated algae and debris in the bottoms
of dark colored troughs. (Tip: overfill water troughs to provide a mud bath for
your horses. They will love to roll in
it and it is also good conditioning for their hooves in dry climates.)
Great article, thanks!
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